Structural Engineering

Neutral Axis

Definition

The axis within a beam cross-section where bending stress is zero. Fibers above the neutral axis are in tension or compression (depending on bending direction), while those below are in the opposite state.

Practical Note

For homogeneous beams, the neutral axis passes through the centroid. For composite beams (e.g., reinforced concrete), the neutral axis shifts toward the stiffer material.

Related Calculators

Related Terms